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BIOSTATISTICS
Year : 2011  |  Volume : 2  |  Issue : 3  |  Page : 109-112

Intention-to-treat concept: A review

Sandeep K Gupta
Clinical Pharmacologist, Gurgaon, India

Date of Web Publication27-Jul-2011

Correspondence Address:
Sandeep K Gupta
J-1044, First Floor, Palam Vihar, Gurgaon - 122 001, Haryana
India
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/2229-3485.83221

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   Abstract 

Randomized controlled trials often suffer from two major complications, i.e., noncompliance and missing outcomes. One potential solution to this problem is a statistical concept called intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. ITT analysis includes every subject who is randomized according to randomized treatment assignment. It ignores noncompliance, protocol deviations, withdrawal, and anything that happens after randomization. ITT analysis maintains prognostic balance generated from the original random treatment allocation. In ITT analysis, estimate of treatment effect is generally conservative. A better application of the ITT approach is possible if complete outcome data are available for all randomized subjects. Per-protocol population is defined as a subset of the ITT population who completed the study without any major protocol violations.

Keywords: Intention-to-treat analysis, per-protocol analysis, randomized controlled trials


How to cite this article:
Gupta SK. Intention-to-treat concept: A review. Perspect Clin Res 2011;2:109-12

How to cite this URL:
Gupta SK. Intention-to-treat concept: A review. Perspect Clin Res [serial online] 2011 [cited 2018 Aug 16];2:109-12. Available from: http://www.picronline.org/text.asp?2011/2/3/109/83221


   Introduction Top


Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) often suffer from two major complications, i.e., noncompliance and missing outcomes. One potential solution to this problem is a statistical concept called intention-to-treat (ITT) concept. The objective of this article is to give a basic understanding of the ITT concept to the beginners in the field of clinical research. With this objective in mind, this article will review the ITT principle, with special emphasis on need and application of this concept and its pros and cons.


   Definition of ITT Concept Top


According to Fisher et al. (1990), the ITT analysis includes all randomized patients in the groups to which they were randomly assigned, regardless of their adherence with the entry criteria, regardless of the treatment they actually received, and regardless of subsequent withdrawal from treatment or deviation from the protocol. [1]

In other words, ITT analysis includes every subject who is randomized according to randomized treatment assignment. It ignores noncompliance, protocol deviations, withdrawal, and anything that happens after randomization. [2],[3],[4],[5] ITT analysis is usually described as "once randomized, always analyzed". [6],[7]

ITT analysis avoids overoptimistic estimates of the efficacy of an intervention resulting from the removal of non-compliers by accepting that noncompliance and protocol deviations are likely to occur in actual clinical practice. [4]


   Need for Such a Population Top


RCTs are the ideal design in assessing the efficacy and safety of medicine. In an RCT, the study subjects is randomly allocated to receive one of the treatments under study after assessment of eligibility but before the intervention is administered. Randomization in clinical trials reduces bias. The purpose of the RCT is to ensure that the groups differ only with respect to the interventions being compared. [8]

In an ideal scenario, every subject enrolled in RCT would follow instructions and complete their allocated treatment as described in the protocol and thus contribute data which were complete in all respects. [9] But unfortunately, one practical problem that investigators usually come across in RCT is that subjects do not always follow instructions. Moreover, in some studies, drop out of the subjects is a problem. Hence, RCTs often suffer from two major complications, i.e., noncompliance and missing outcomes. One potential solution to this problem is a statistical concept called ITT analysis. [10],[11]


   Pros of Using ITT Analysis Top


ITT is better regarded as a complete trial strategy for design, conduct and analysis rather than as an approach to analysis alone. [9],[12] Full reporting of any deviations from random allocation and missing response is essential in the assessment of the necessity and appropriateness of an ITT approach, as emphasized in the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines on the reporting of RCTs. [12] The CONSORT statement for improving the quality of reports of RCTs states that number of participants in each group should be analyzed by "intention-to-treat" principle. [13]

ITT analysis reflects the practical clinical scenario because it admits noncompliance and protocol deviations. ITT analysis maintains prognostic balance generated from the original random treatment allocation. It gives an unbiased estimate of treatment effect. [3],[4],[14] If noncompliant subjects and dropouts are excluded from the final analysis, it might create important prognostic differences among treatment groups. Moreover, subjects may be noncompliant or may drop out from the study due to their response of treatment. [3]

ITT analysis preserves the sample size because if noncompliant subjects and dropouts are excluded from the final analysis, it might significantly reduce the sample size, leading to reduced statistical power. [3]

ITT analysis limits inferences based on arbitrary or ad hoc subgroups of patients in the trial and emphasizes greater accountability for all patients enrolled in the study. Also, it minimizes type I error due to cautious approach and allows for the greatest generalizability. [15]


   Cons of Using ITT Analysis Top


Many arguments against ITT analysis appear valid. To begin with, if a subject who actually did not receive any treatment is included as a subject who received treatment, then it indicates very little about the efficacy of the treatment. In ITT analysis, estimate of treatment effect is generally conservative because of dilution due to noncompliance. Also, heterogeneity might be introduced if noncompliants, dropouts and compliant subjects are mixed together in the final analysis. Moreover, end-point data will differ markedly among noncompliant, dropouts and compliant subjects, and interpretation might become difficult if a large proportion of participants cross over to opposite treatment arms. [3],[4],[12],[16],[17] ITT analysis has been criticized for being too cautious and thus being more susceptible to type II error. [12],[15]


   Who should use ITT? Top


A better application of the ITT approach is possible if complete outcome data are available for all randomized subjects. Care must always be taken to minimize missing responses and to continue to follow up those who withdraw from treatment. [4],[18],[19] Anyone who follows these principles intelligently and has a vision to minimize bias should not worry further about "intention to treat". [9] However, in most cases, missing data could also be dealt by using the last observation carried forward (LOCF) method, whereby the last available measurement for each individual at the time point prior to withdrawal from the study is retained in the analysis. [20],[21]

US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for "The Format and Content of the Clinical and Statistical Sections of Applications" state that as a general rule, even if the applicant's preferred analysis is based on a reduced subset of the patients with data, there should be an additional "intent-to-treat" analysis using all randomized patients. The FDA guideline further explains that the results of a clinical trial should be assessed not only for the subset of patients who completed the study, but also for the entire patient population randomized (the ITT analysis). [22],[23]

Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP) note for guidance "Biostatistical Methodology in Clinical Trials for Marketing Authorisations for Medicinal Products" states that decisions concerning the analysis population should be guided by the principles underlying the "intention-to-treat" and the "per-protocol" strategies. When the ITT and per-protocol (PP) analyses come to essentially the same conclusions, confidence in the study results is increased. [22],[24]

The International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) E9 guideline on "Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials" uses the term "full analysis set" to describe the analysis set which is as complete as possible and as close as possible to the ITT ideal of including all randomized subjects. [22],[25]

One of the alternatives of ITT analysis is the PP analysis. It is defined as a subset of the ITT population who completed the study without any major protocol violations. [26] PP analyses exclude all protocol violators, including anyone who did not adhere to treatment, switched groups, or missed measurements. [27] ITT tends to make the two treatments look similar, whereas the PP removes patients who do not complete treatment and is more able to reflect treatment differences. [28]

CPMP guideline states that for a superiority trial, the ITT analysis should be considered primary and the PP supportive. [29] It is often argued that the ITT analysis tends to dilute the treatment difference of interest. [30] Whereas the importance of the ITT population analysis in superiority designs has been well accepted, however there is no consensus about its role in non-inferiority trials. [31]

It has been argued that protocol violations and poorly conducted trials may cause the results obtained from two different treatment groups to appear similar. Hence, ITT analysis alone is not preferred for noninferiority trial. A possible alternative is to conduct the PP analysis where only subjects meeting the inclusion criteria are considered. But the conservative effect of the PP analysis on noninferiority and equivalence trials has not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, it has been suggested that noninferiority should be concluded only if both ITT and PP analyses permit that. [28],[31],[32],[33],[34],[35],[36] CPMP guideline states that in a noninferiority trial, the full analysis set based on the ITT principle and the PP analysis set have equal importance and their use should lead to similar conclusions for a robust interpretation. [29]


   Modified ITT Concept Top


It is a subset of the ITT population and allows the exclusion of some randomized subjects in a justified way (such as patients who were deemed ineligible after randomization or certain patients who never started treatment). However, the definition given to the modified ITT (mITT) in randomized controlled trial has been found to be irregular and arbitrary because there is a lack of consistent guidelines for its application. The mITT analysis allows a subjective approach in entry criteria, which may lead to confusion, inaccurate results and bias. [27],[37],[38] It is mostly used in anti-infective trials where multiple mITT populations can be defined for a single study such as clinical mITT and microbiological mITT. [39],[40]


   Summary and Conclusion Top


One practical problem that investigators usually come across in RCT is that subjects do not always follow instructions. Moreover, in some studies, drop out of the subjects is a problem. Hence, RCT often suffers from two major complications, i.e., noncompliance and missing outcomes. One potential solution to this problem is a statistical concept called ITT analysis. ITT analysis includes every subject who is randomized according to randomized treatment assignment. It ignores noncompliance, protocol deviations, withdrawal, and anything that happens after randomization. ITT analysis is usually described as "once randomized, always analyzed". But in ITT analysis, estimate of treatment effect is generally conservative because of dilution due to noncompliance. Also, heterogeneity might be introduced if noncompliants, dropouts and compliant subjects are mixed together in the final analysis. Moreover, end-point data will differ markedly among noncompliant, dropouts and compliant subjects, and interpretation might become difficult if a large proportion of participants cross over to opposite treatment arms. A better application of the ITT approach is possible if complete outcome data are available for all randomized subjects. Care must always be taken to minimize missing responses and to continue to follow up those who withdraw from treatment. Anyone who follows these principles intelligently and has a vision to minimize bias should not worry further about "intention to treat".


   Acknowledgement Top


I gratefully acknowledge the help of anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions.


   Disclaimer Top


The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of his employer.

 
   References Top

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33 A randomized controlled trial of orthodontist-based brief advice to prevent child obesity
Melbourne F. Hovell,Katharine E. Schmitz,Sandy Liles,Kristi Robusto,C. Richard Hofstetter,Jeanne F. Nichols,Cheryl L. Rock,Veronica Irvin,Melanie S. Parker,Santiago A. Surillo,David Noel
Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2018; 70: 53
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34 The South African Rea Phela Health Study: A randomized controlled trial of communication retention strategies
James M. Rhyne,Alexandra Mumbauer,Paul Rheeder,Megan N. Hall,Jeanine Genkinger,Andrew Medina-Marino,Charbel El Bcheraoui
PLOS ONE. 2018; 13(5): e0196900
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35 Effects of laying on of hands with and without a spiritual context on pain and functionality of older women with knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Katy Andrade Monteiro Zacaron,Nélia da Silva Mendes,Yuri Cotta e Silva,Giancarlo Lucchetti
Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2018;
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36 A randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of intraoperative cell salvage during caesarean section in women at risk of haemorrhage: the SALVO (cell SALVage in Obstetrics) trial
Khalid S Khan,Philip Moore,Matthew Wilson,Richard Hooper,Shubha Allard,Ian Wrench,Tracy Roberts,Carol McLoughlin,Lee Beresford,James Geoghegan,Jane Daniels,Sue Catling,Vicki A Clark,Paul Ayuk,Stephen Robson,Fang Gao-Smith,Matthew Hogg,Louise Jackson,Doris Lanz,Julie Dodds
Health Technology Assessment. 2018; 22(2): 1
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37 The effects of specialized treatment on the recidivism of juvenile sex offenders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Heather Hensman Kettrey,Mark W. Lipsey
Journal of Experimental Criminology. 2018;
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38 Estimation of causal effects in clinical endpoint bioequivalence studies in the presence of intercurrent events: noncompliance and missing data
Yiyue Lou,Michael P. Jones,Wanjie Sun
Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics. 2018; : 1
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39 Effectiveness of an app-based intervention for unintentional injury among caregivers of preschoolers: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Peishan Ning,Bo Chen,Peixia Cheng,Yang Yang,David C. Schwebel,Renhe Yu,Jing Deng,Shukun Li,Guoqing Hu
BMC Public Health. 2018; 18(1)
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40 “Being a bully isn’t very cool…”: Rap & Sing Music Therapy for enhanced emotional self-regulation in an adolescent school setting – a randomized controlled trial
Sylka Uhlig,Erik Jansen,Erik Scherder
Psychology of Music. 2018; 46(4): 568
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41 Meta-analysis comparing upfront surgery with neoadjuvant treatment in patients with resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer
E. Versteijne,J. A. Vogel,M. G. Besselink,O. R. C. Busch,J. W. Wilmink,J. G. Daams,C. H. J. van Eijck,B. Groot Koerkamp,C. R. N. Rasch,G. van Tienhoven
British Journal of Surgery. 2018;
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42 Electronic health record tools to assist with children’s insurance coverage: a mixed methods study
Jennifer E. DeVoe,Megan Hoopes,Christine A. Nelson,Deborah J. Cohen,Aleksandra Sumic,Jennifer Hall,Heather Angier,Miguel Marino,Jean P. O’Malley,Rachel Gold
BMC Health Services Research. 2018; 18(1)
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43 Statistical Basic Steps to Be Considered on Planning a Research
Cristina Pires Camargo,Rolf Gemperli
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. 2018; 6(4): e1718
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44 Arthroscopic Surgery or Physical Therapy for Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 2-Year Follow-up
Nancy S. Mansell,Daniel I. Rhon,John Meyer,John M. Slevin,Bryant G. Marchant
The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2018; 46(6): 1306
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45 A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults: A 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial
Hana Kahleova,Andrea Tura,Martin Hill,Richard Holubkov,Neal Barnard
Nutrients. 2018; 10(2): 189
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46 A constructive–critical response to The All-Party Arts, Health and Wellbeing Parliamentary Group report Creative Health: the Arts for Health and Wellbeing (July 2017)
Kate Phillips
International Journal of Art Therapy. 2018; : 1
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47 A novel complete-case analysis to determine statistical significance between treatments in an intention-to-treat population of randomized clinical trials involving missing data
Wei Liu,Jinhui Ding
Statistical Methods in Medical Research. 2018; 27(4): 1067
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48 Intensive home treatment for patients in acute psychiatric crisis situations: a multicentre randomized controlled trial
Jurgen Cornelis,Ansam Barakat,Jack Dekker,Tessy Schut,Sandra Berk,Hans Nusselder,Nikander Ruhl,Jeroen Zoeteman,Rien Van,Aartjan Beekman,Matthijs Blankers
BMC Psychiatry. 2018; 18(1)
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49 Trunk Exercises Improve Gait Symmetry in Parkinson Disease
Ryan P. Hubble,Geraldine Naughton,Peter A. Silburn,Michael H. Cole
American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2018; 97(3): 151
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50 Psychoeducational Intervention for Symptom Management of Fatigue, Pain and Sleep Disturbance Cluster among Cancer Patients: A Pilot Quasi-experimental Study
Ly Thuy Nguyen,Kimberly Alexander,Patsy Yates
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2018;
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51 Resilience-Based Intervention With Underserved Children: Impact on Self-Regulation in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Schools
Brendan A. Rich,Nina D. Shiffrin,Colleen M. Cummings,Melissa M. Zarger,Lisa Berghorst,Mary K. Alvord
International Journal of Group Psychotherapy. 2018; : 1
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52 Study design and protocol for a culturally adapted cognitive behavioral stress and self-management intervention for localized prostate cancer: The Encuentros de Salud study
Frank J. Penedo,Michael H. Antoni,Patricia I. Moreno,Lara Traeger,Dolores Perdomo,Jason Dahn,Gregory E. Miller,Steve Cole,Julian Orjuela,Edgar Pizarro,Betina Yanez
Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2018; 71: 173
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53 Impact of Medicaid Managed Care on Illinoisæs Acute Health Services Expenditures for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Kiyoshi Yamaki,Coady Wing,Dale Mitchell,Randall Owen,Tamar Heller
Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. 2018; 56(2): 133
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54 Te Whanau Pou Toru: a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of a Culturally Adapted Low-Intensity Variant of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program for Indigenous Maori Families in New Zealand
Louise J. Keown,Matthew R. Sanders,Nike Franke,Matthew Shepherd
Prevention Science. 2018;
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55 Baclofen: its effectiveness in reducing harmful drinking, craving, and negative mood. A meta-analysis
Abigail K. Rose,Andrew Jones
Addiction. 2018;
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56 Investigating the Impact of Hearing Aid Use and Auditory Training on Cognition, Depressive Symptoms, and Social Interaction in Adults With Hearing Loss: Protocol for a Crossover Trial
Joanna Nkyekyer,Denny Meyer,Peter J Blamey,Andrew Pipingas,Sunil Bhar
JMIR Research Protocols. 2018; 7(3): e85
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57 The Impact of Time of Mobilization After Split Thickness Skin Graft on Lower Extremity Wound Healing—Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Helene Retrouvey,Annie Wang,Joseph Corkum,Shahriar Shahrokhi
Journal of Burn Care & Research. 2018;
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58 Pilot Randomized Trial of an Automated Smoking Cessation Intervention via Mobile Phone Text Messages as an Adjunct to Varenicline in Primary Care
Jessica M. Yingst,Susan Veldheer,Shari Hrabovsky,Erin Hammett,James Nicholson,Arthur Berg,Jonathan Foulds
Journal of Health Communication. 2018; : 1
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59 Window to Hope
Lisa A. Brenner,Jeri E. Forster,Adam S. Hoffberg,Bridget B. Matarazzo,Trisha A. Hostetter,Gina Signoracci,Grahame K. Simpson
Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 2017; : 1
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60 Patient Satisfaction on Overactive Bladder Treatment
Kimberly Tay,Aqsa Khan
Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports. 2017;
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61 Understanding the Mechanisms of Change in a Lifestyle Intervention for Older Adults
Christine Juang,Bob G. Knight,Mike Carlson,Stacey L. Schepens Niemiec,Cheryl Vigen,Florence Clark
The Gerontologist. 2017;
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62 Increasing Physical Activity Through Principles of Habit Formation in New Gym Members: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Navin Kaushal,Ryan E. Rhodes,John C. Spence,John T. Meldrum
Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2017;
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63 Quality of reporting for randomized controlled trials in the hypospadias literature: where do we stand?
L.H. Braga,M. McGrath,L. Mauro,A.J. Lorenzo
Journal of Pediatric Urology. 2017;
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64 Early introduction of food reduces food allergy - Pro and Con
Debra J. Palmer,Susan L. Prescott,Michael R. Perkin
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. 2017; 28(3): 214
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65 Increasing boys’ and girls’ intentions to avoid teenage pregnancy: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial of an interactive video drama-based intervention in post-primary schools in Northern Ireland
Maria Lohan,Áine Aventin,Lisa Maguire,Rhonda Curran,Clíona McDowell,Ashley Agus,Cam Donaldson,Mike Clarke,Mark Linden,Carmel Kelly,Lisa McDaid,Laura Dunne,Peter O’Halloran
Public Health Research. 2017; 5(1): 1
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66 Effects of the ABC Intervention on Foster Children’s Receptive Vocabulary: Follow-Up Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial
Kristin Bernard,Amy Hyoeun Lee,Mary Dozier
Child Maltreatment. 2017; 22(2): 174
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67 Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Genomic Counseling for Patients Receiving Personalized and Actionable Complex Disease Reports
Kevin Sweet,Amy C. Sturm,Tara Schmidlen,Joseph McElroy,Laura Scheinfeldt,Kandamurugu Manickam,Erynn S. Gordon,Shelly Hovick,J. Scott Roberts,Amanda Ewart Toland,Michael Christman
Journal of Genetic Counseling. 2017;
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68 Evaluation of the impact of disease prevention measures: a methodological note on defining incidence rates
Yin-Bun Cheung,Ying Xu,Matthew Cairns,Paul Milligan
BMC Medical Research Methodology. 2017; 17(1)
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69 Physical Activity on Prescription (PAP), in patients with metabolic risk factors. A 6-month follow-up study in primary health care
Stefan Lundqvist,Mats Börjesson,Maria E. H. Larsson,Lars Hagberg,Åsa Cider,Yvonne Böttcher
PLOS ONE. 2017; 12(4): e0175190
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70 Clinical and cost effectiveness of nurse-led self-management interventions for patients with copd in primary care: A systematic review
Elizabeth Baker,Francis Fatoye
International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2017; 71: 125
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71 Ischemic compression and kinesiotherapy on chronic myofascial pain in breast cancer survivors
Flávia Belavenuto Rangon,Vânia Tiê Koga Ferreira,Monique Silva Rezende,Amanda Apolinário,Ana Paula Ferro,Elaine Caldeira de Oliveira Guirro
Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2017;
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72 A randomized clinical trial of oral hygiene care programmes during stroke rehabilitation
Ruoxi Dai,Otto L.T. Lam,Edward C.M. Lo,Leonard S.W. Li,Colman McGrath
Journal of Dentistry. 2017;
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73 Long-term abstinence and predictors of tobacco treatment uptake among hospitalized smokers with serious mental illness enrolled in a smoking cessation trial
Erin S. Rogers,Rebecca Friedes,Annika Jakes,Ellie Grossman,Alissa Link,Scott E. Sherman
Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 2017;
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74 Feeling Thanks and Saying Thanks: A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining If and How Socially Oriented Gratitude Journals Work
Brenda H. OæConnell,Deirdre OæShea,Stephen Gallagher
Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2017;
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75 No additional benefit of using a calcium hydroxide liner during stepwise caries removal
Maria Auxiliadora Pereira,Reginaldo Batista dos Santos-Júnior,Johnny Alexandre Tavares,Alaíde Hermínia Oliveira,Pollyana Caldeira Leal,Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita,Antônio Márcio Barbosa-Júnior,Luiz Eduardo Braga Bertassoni,André Luis Faria-e-Silva
The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2017;
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76 Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with asthma: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (EPRA)
Konrad Schultz,Hildegard Seidl,Danijel Jelusic,Rupert Wagner,Michael Wittmann,Hermann Faller,Dennis Nowak,Michael Schuler
BMC Pulmonary Medicine. 2017; 17(1)
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77 Challenges in implementing an exercise intervention within residential psychiatric care: A mixed methods study
Joseph Firth,Rebekah Carney,Michelle Pownall,Paul French,Rebecca Elliott,Jack Cotter,Alison R. Yung
Mental Health and Physical Activity. 2017; 12: 141
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78 Incomplete descriptions of oral nutritional supplement interventions in reports of randomised controlled trials
E. Liljeberg,A. Andersson,E. Lövestam,M. Nydahl
Clinical Nutrition. 2017;
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79 Testing the limits: Extending attachment-based intervention effects to infant cognitive outcome and parental stress
Karine Dubois-Comtois,Chantal Cyr,George M. Tarabulsy,Diane St-Laurent,Annie Bernier,Ellen Moss
Development and Psychopathology. 2017; 29(02): 565
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80 Online Self-Tracking Groups to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Intake: A Small-Scale Study on Mechanisms of Group Effect on Behavior Change
Jingbo Meng,Wei Peng,Soo Yun Shin,Minwoong Chung
Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2017; 19(3): e63
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81 Outcomes of a family-based HIV prevention intervention for substance using juvenile offenders
Marina Tolou-Shams,Emily Dauria,Selby M. Conrad,Kathleen Kemp,Sarah Johnson,Larry K. Brown
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2017; 77: 115
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82 Formal Physical Therapy After Total Hip Arthroplasty Is Not Required
Matthew S. Austin,Brian T. Urbani,Andrew N. Fleischman,Navin D. Fernando,James J. Purtill,William J. Hozack,Javad Parvizi,Richard H. Rothman
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 2017; 99(8): 648
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83 The effectiveness of braces and orthoses for patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review of Japanese-language randomised controlled trials
Koya Mine,Takashi Nakayama,Steve Milanese,Karen Grimmer
Prosthetics and Orthotics International. 2017; 41(2): 115
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84 Resistance training prescription with different load-management methods improves phase angle in older women
Alex S. Ribeiro,Brad J. Schoenfeld,Mariana F. Souza,Crisieli M. Tomeleri,Analiza M. Silva,Denílson C. Teixeira,Luís B. Sardinha,Edilson S. Cyrino
European Journal of Sport Science. 2017; : 1
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85 Angiotensin II/Angiotensin (1–7) ratio and 24-h blood pressure throughout the menstrual cycle and in women using oral contraceptives
Gina C. Davis,Karen J. Gibson,David Casley,Mark A. Brown
Journal of Hypertension. 2017; 35(6): 1178
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86 A tailored video intervention to reduce smoking and environmental tobacco exposure during and after pregnancy: Rationale, design and methods of Babyæs Breath
Patricia Markham Risica,Adam Gavarkovs,Donna R. Parker,Ernestine Jennings,Maureen Phipps
Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2017; 52: 1
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87 Clinical trial methodology to assess the efficacy/effectiveness of long-acting antipsychotics: Randomized controlled trials vs naturalistic studies
Andrea Fagiolini,Paola Rocca,Serafino De Giorgi,Edoardo Spina,Giovanni Amodeo,Mario Amore
Psychiatry Research. 2017; 247: 257
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88 Allopurinol as add-on treatment for mania symptoms in bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Francesco Bartoli,Cristina Crocamo,Massimo Clerici,Giuseppe Carrà
The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2017; 210(1): 10
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89 A randomized clinical trial comparing long-term clopidogrel vs aspirin monotherapy beyond dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting coronary stent implantation: Design and rationale of the Harmonizing Optimal Strategy for Treatment of coronary artery stenosis-Extended Antiplatelet Monotherapy (HOST-EXAM) trial
Heesun Lee,Bon-Kwon Koo,Kyung Woo Park,Eun-Seok Shin,Sang Wook Lim,Seung-Woon Rha,Jang-Whan Bae,Dong Woon Jeon,Seok-Kyu Oh,Seung-Ho Hur,Bum-Su Kim,Jung-Hee Lee,Tae-Ho Park,Nam Ho Lee,Hyo-Soo Kim
American Heart Journal. 2017; 185: 17
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90 Feasibility and Acceptability of a Task-Shifted Intervention to Enhance Adherence to HIV Medication and Improve Depression in People Living with HIV in Zimbabwe, a Low Income Country in Sub-Saharan Africa
Melanie Abas,Primrose Nyamayaro,Tarisai Bere,Emily Saruchera,Nomvuyo Mothobi,Victoria Simms,Walter Mangezi,Kirsty Macpherson,Natasha Croome,Jessica Magidson,Azure Makadzange,Steven Safren,Dixon Chibanda,Conall O’Cleirigh
AIDS and Behavior. 2017;
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91 An Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Intensive Supervision on the Recidivism of High-Risk Probationers
Jordan M. Hyatt,Geoffrey C. Barnes
Crime & Delinquency. 2017; 63(1): 3
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92 Impact of industry collaboration on randomised controlled trials in oncology
Anne Linker,Annie Yang,Nitin Roper,Evans Whitaker,Deborah Korenstein
European Journal of Cancer. 2017; 72: 71
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93 The Effects of Home-Based Cognitive Training on Verbal Working Memory and Language Comprehension in Older Adulthood
Brennan R. Payne,Elizabeth A. L. Stine-Morrow
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2017; 9
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94 Direct provision versus facility collection of HIV self-tests among female sex workers in Uganda: A cluster-randomized controlled health systems trial
Katrina Ortblad,Daniel Kibuuka Musoke,Thomson Ngabirano,Aidah Nakitende,Jonathan Magoola,Prossy Kayiira,Geoffrey Taasi,Leah G. Barresi,Jessica E. Haberer,Margaret A. McConnell,Catherine E. Oldenburg,Till Bärnighausen,Elvin H. Geng
PLOS Medicine. 2017; 14(11): e1002458
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95 A Twelve-Week Moderate Exercise Programme Improved Symptoms of Depression, Insomnia, and Verbal Learning in Post-Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Patients: A Comparison with Meningioma Patients and Healthy Controls
Flora Colledge,Serge Brand,Uwe Pühse,Edith Holsboer-Trachsler,Stefan Zimmerer,Ramona Schleith,Markus Gerber
Neuropsychobiology. 2017; 76(2): 59
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96 The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Kia Yong Chew,Iain A. Brownlee
Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre. 2017;
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97 Moving From Efficacy to Effectiveness
Jessica Saunders,Michael Robbins,Allison J. Ober
Criminology & Public Policy. 2017;
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98 Effectiveness of job rotation for preventing work-related musculoskeletal diseases: a cluster randomised controlled trial
Maria Luiza Caires Comper,Jack Tigh Dennerlein,Gabriela dos Santos Evangelista,Patricia Rodrigues da Silva,Rosimeire Simprini Padula
Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2017; 74(8): 543.1
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99 The influence of 3 months of physical exercises and verbal stimulation on functional efficiency and use of free time in an older population under institutional care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Agnieszka Wisniowska-Szurlej,Agnieszka Cwirlej-Sozanska,Anna Wilmowska-Pietruszynska,Natalia Milewska,Bernard Sozanski
Trials. 2017; 18(1)
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100 Do People With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Benefit From Making Errors? A Randomized Controlled Trial of Error-Based and Errorless Learning
Tamara Ownsworth,Jennifer Fleming,Robyn Tate,Elizabeth Beadle,Janelle Griffin,Melissa Kendall,Julia Schmidt,Amanda Lane-Brown,Mathilde Chevignard,David H. K. Shum
Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. 2017; 31(12): 1072
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101 The use of an antioxidant dressing on hard-to-heal wounds: a multicentre, prospective case series
B. Castro,F.D. Bastida,T. Segovia,P. López Casanova,J.J. Soldevilla,J. Verdú-Soriano
Journal of Wound Care. 2017; 26(12): 742
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102 Non-inferiority trials: No better? No worse? No change? No pain?
Robert K. Hills
British Journal of Haematology. 2017;
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103 La recherche d’effectivité: nature, méthodes et rôle dans la validation des interventions fondées sur les preuves
Frédéric Nault Brière
Revue de psychoéducation. 2017; 46(1): 117
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104 Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Methadone Maintenance: A Feasibility Trial
Sarah Bowen,Vanessa C. Somohano,Rachel E. Rutkie,Jacob A. Manuel,Kristoffer L. Rehder
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2017;
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105 Enhanced self-efficacy after a self-management programme in pituitary disease: a randomized controlled trial
Cornelie D Andela,Han Repping-Wuts,Nike M M L Stikkelbroeck,Mathilde C Pronk,Jitske Tiemensma,Ad R Hermus,Adrian A Kaptein,Alberto M Pereira,Noelle G A Kamminga,Nienke R Biermasz
European Journal of Endocrinology. 2017; 177(1): 59
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106 Elemental diet decreases inflammation and improves symptoms in adult eosinophilic oesophagitis patients
M. J. Warners,B. J. Vlieg-Boerstra,J. Verheij,B. D. van Rhijn,M. T. J. Van Ampting,L. F. Harthoorn,W. J. de Jonge,A. J. P. M. Smout,A. J. Bredenoord
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2017;
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107 Home-Based Parent Child Therapy for Young Traumatized Children Living In Poverty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Joanna R. Love,Robert A. Fox
Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma. 2017;
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108 A Follow-Up Study from a Multisite, Randomized Controlled Trial for Traumatized Children Receiving TF-CBT
Tine K. Jensen,Tonje Holt,Silje M. Ormhaug
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 2017;
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109 Effectiveness of a motionless ultrasonic toothbrush in reducing plaque and gingival inflammation in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances
Thayika Saruttichart,Pintu-on Chantarawaratit,Chalermpol Leevailoj,Panida Thanyasrisung,Waranuch Pitiphat,Oranart Matangkasombut
The Angle Orthodontist. 2017; 87(2): 279
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110 Web- and text-based interventions for smoking cessation: Meta-analysis and meta-regression
Cristina Crocamo,Daniele Carretta,Marica Ferri,Sonia Dias,Francesco Bartoli,Giuseppe Carrá
Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy. 2017; : 1
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111 Effects of mind-body interventions on depressive symptoms among older Chinese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ai Bo,Weiyu Mao,Michael A. Lindsey
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2017;
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112 Complex self-management interventions in chronic disease unravelled: a review of lessons learned from an individual patient data meta-analysis
Nini H. Jonkman,Rolf H.H. Groenwold,Jaap C.A. Trappenburg,Arno W. Hoes,Marieke J. Schuurmans
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2017;
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113 Attrition in trials evaluating complex interventions for schizophrenia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
P. Szymczynska,S. Walsh,L. Greenberg,S. Priebe
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114 The feeling of discomfort during vaginal examination, history of abuse and sexual abuse and post-traumatic stress disorder in women
Gizem Günes,Zekiye Karaçam
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115 Health promotion and preventive care intervention for older community-dwelling people: Long-term effects of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) within the LUCAS cohort
Lilli Neumann,U. Dapp,W. von Renteln-Kruse,C. E. Minder
The journal of nutrition, health & aging. 2017;
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116 Strategic Resource Use for Learning: A Self-Administered Intervention That Guides Self-Reflection on Effective Resource Use Enhances Academic Performance
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Psychological Science. 2017; 28(6): 774
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117 Impact of Narrative Expressive Writing on Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability, and Blood Pressure After Marital Separation
Kyle J. Bourassa,John J.B. Allen,Matthias R. Mehl,David A. Sbarra
Psychosomatic Medicine. 2017; 79(6): 697
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118 Ten Important Considerations for Ovarian Cancer Screening
Edward Pavlik
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119 Effectiveness of family group conferencing in preventing repeat referrals to child protective services and out-of-home placements
Dana M. Hollinshead,Tyler W. Corwin,Erin J. Maher,Lisa Merkel-Holguin,Heather Allan,John D. Fluke
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120 The effect of tinnitus retraining therapy on chronic tinnitus: A controlled trial
Carol A. Bauer,Jennifer L. Berry,Thomas J. Brozoski
Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology. 2017;
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121 Electronic-based lifestyle interventions in overweight or obese perinatal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Y. Lau,P. Klainin-Yobas,T. P. Htun,S. N. Wong,K. L. Tan,S. T. Ho-Lim,C. Chi,C. Tsai,K. W. Ong,S. Shorey,W. S. W. Tam
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122 A randomized clinical trial of a human acellular dermal matrix demonstrated superior healing rates for chronic diabetic foot ulcers over conventional care and an active acellular dermal matrix comparator
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123 A multimodal day treatment program for multi-problem young adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Marie-Jolette A. Luijks,Floor Bevaart,Josjan Zijlmans,Laura van Duin,Reshmi Marhe,Theo A. H. Doreleijers,Henning Tiemeier,Jessica J. Asscher,Arne Popma
Trials. 2017; 18(1)
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124 The XprESS Multi-Sinus Dilation System for the Treatment of Chronic Sinusitis: A NICE Medical Technology Guidance
Michelle Jenks,Iain Willits,Emily Eaton Turner,Neil Hewitt,Mick Arber,Helen Cole,Joyce Craig,Andrew Sims
Applied Health Economics and Health Policy. 2017;
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125 Dancing for Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Trial of Irish Set Dancing Compared With Usual Care
Joanne Shanahan,Meg E. Morris,Orfhlaith Ni Bhriain,Daniele Volpe,Tim Lynch,Amanda M. Clifford
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2017;
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126 Second-Order Peer Reviews of Clinically Relevant Articles for the Physiatrist
Byron J. Schneider,David J. Kennedy,Dinesh Kumbhare
American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2017; 96(6): e119
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127 Impact of Adding a Decision Aid to Patient Education in Adults with Asthma: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Myriam E. Gagné,France Légaré,Jocelyne Moisan,Louis-Philippe Boulet,Christophe Leroyer
PLOS ONE. 2017; 12(1): e0170055
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128 Per-Protocol Analyses of Pragmatic Trials
Miguel A. Hernán,James M. Robins
New England Journal of Medicine. 2017; 377(14): 1391
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129 Comparison between intra-articular ozone and placebo in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Carlos César Lopes de Jesus,Fânia Cristina dos Santos,Luciana Maria Oliveira Bueno de Jesus,Iara Monteiro,Maria Sonia Sousa Castro Sant’Ana,Virginia Fernandes Moça Trevisani,Jan P. A. Baak
PLOS ONE. 2017; 12(7): e0179185
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130 Focused breastfeeding counselling improves short- and long-term success in an early-discharge setting: A cluster-randomized study
Ingrid M. S. Nilsson,Katrine Strandberg-Larsen,Christopher H. Knight,Anne Vinkel Hansen,Hanne Kronborg
Maternal & Child Nutrition. 2017; 13(4): e12432
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131 Accounting for Uncertainty in Decision Analytic Models Using Rank Preserving Structural Failure Time Modeling: Application to Parametric Survival Models
Iain Bennett,Noman Paracha,Keith Abrams,Joshua Ray
Value in Health. 2017;
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132 "The Role of Phacoemulsification in Glaucoma Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis”
Marisse Masis,Patrick J. Mineault,Eileen Phan,Shan C. Lin
Survey of Ophthalmology. 2017;
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133 Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
Aamer Imdad,Maribeth R Nicholson,Emily E Tanner-Smith,Joseph P Zackular,Oscar Gomez-Duarte,Dawn M Borromeo Beaulieu,Sari Acra
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017;
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134 Effectiveness of a universal classroom-based preventive intervention (PAX GBG): A research protocol for a matched-pair cluster-randomized controlled trial
Karin Streimann,Aire Trummal,Kai Klandorf,Kirsti Akkermann,Merike Sisask,Karmen Toros,Anne Selart
Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications. 2017; 8: 75
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135 Jigsaw Puzzles As Cognitive Enrichment (PACE) - the effect of solving jigsaw puzzles on global visuospatial cognition in adults 50 years of age and older: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Patrick Fissler,Olivia C. Küster,Laura S. Loy,Daria Laptinskaya,Martin J. Rosenfelder,Christine A. F. von Arnim,Iris-Tatjana Kolassa
Trials. 2017; 18(1)
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136 Ineffectiveness of commercial weight-loss programs for achieving modest but meaningful weight loss: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Samantha M McEvedy,Gillian Sullivan-Mort,Siân A McLean,Michaela C Pascoe,Susan J Paxton
Journal of Health Psychology. 2017; 22(12): 1614
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137 Psycho-educational intervention on mood in patients suffering from colorectal and anal cancer: A randomized controlled trial
Emma Ohlsson-Nevo,Birgitta Andershed,Ulrica Nilsson
Nordic Journal of Nursing Research. 2017; 37(3): 135
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138 Long-term endurance training improves general health perception in multiple sclerosis patients with fatigue: results of an exploratory study
Marc Wonneberger,Stephan Schmidt
Sport Sciences for Health. 2017;
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139 Designing clinical studies in orthopedic traumatology
D.M. Rouleau
Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. 2017;
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140 Feasibility and efficacy of an attachment-based intervention in a maltreatment sample in residential care: A pilot study
Marta Casonato,Sarah Nazzari,Alessandra Frigerio
Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2017; 22(4): 561
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141 Health-related quality of life among older patients following an emergency department visit and emergency department-to-home coaching intervention: A randomized controlled trial
Allyson G Hall,Jessica R Schumacher,Babette Brumback,Jeffrey S Harman,Barbara J Lutz,Phyllis Hendry,Donna Carden
International Journal of Care Coordination. 2017; 20(4): 162
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142 The Use of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Promote Mental Health and School Engagement in University Students: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial
Simon Grégoire,Lise Lachance,Thérèse Bouffard,Frédérick Dionne
Behavior Therapy. 2017;
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143 Intermittent energy restriction improves weight loss efficiency in obese men: the MATADOR study
N M Byrne,A Sainsbury,N A King,A P Hills,R E Wood
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144 Efficacy of an adaptation of the Best Possible Self intervention implemented through positive technology: a randomized control trial
Ángel Enrique,Juana Bretón-López,Guadalupe Molinari,Rosa M. Baños,Cristina Botella
Applied Research in Quality of Life. 2017;
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145 The use of case management for community-dwelling older people: the effects on loneliness, symptoms of depression and life satisfaction in a randomised controlled trial
Elin Taube,Jimmie Kristensson,Patrik Midlöv,Ulf Jakobsson
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146 Wound healing outcomes: Using big data and a modified intent-to-treat method as a metric for reporting healing rates
William J. Ennis,Rachel A. Hoffman,Geoffrey C. Gurtner,Robert S. Kirsner,Hanna M. Gordon
Wound Repair and Regeneration. 2017;
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147 Performance of automated activity monitoring systems used in combination with timed artificial insemination compared to timed artificial insemination only in early lactation in dairy cows
J. Denis-Robichaud,R.L.A. Cerri,A. Jones-Bitton,S.J. LeBlanc
Journal of Dairy Science. 2017;
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148 Lessons Learned from Large-Scale Randomized Experiments
Robert E. Slavin,Alan C. K. Cheung
Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR). 2017; : 1
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149 “Active Team” a social and gamified app-based physical activity intervention: randomised controlled trial study protocol
Sarah Edney,Ronald Plotnikoff,Corneel Vandelanotte,Tim Olds,Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij,Jillian Ryan,Carol Maher
BMC Public Health. 2017; 17(1)
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150 The Impact of Family-Centered Prevention on Self-Regulation and Subsequent Long-Term Risk in Emerging Adults
Elizabeth Stormshak,David DeGarmo,Krista Chronister,Allison Caruthers
Prevention Science. 2017;
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151 Improving school performance among Swedish foster children: A quasi-experimental study exploring outcomes of the Skolfam model
Natalie Durbeej,Clara Hellner
Children and Youth Services Review. 2017;
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152 A non-randomised pragmatic trial of a school-based group cognitive-behavioural programme for preventing depression in girls
Heléne Zetterström Dahlqvist,Evelina Landstedt,Ylva B Almqvist,Katja Gillander Gådin
International Journal of Circumpolar Health. 2017; 76(1): 1396146
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153 Systematic review of the association between physical activity and burnout
Lea M. Naczenski,Juriena D. de Vries,Madelon L. M. van Hooff,Michiel A. J. Kompier
Journal of Occupational Health. 2017; 59(6): 477
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154 Using Lean Quality Improvement Tools to Increase Delivery of Evidence-Based Tobacco Use Treatment in Hospitalized Neurosurgical Patients
Laurel Sisler,Oluwaseun Omofoye,Karina Paci,Eldad Hadar,Adam O. Goldstein,Carol Ripley-Moffitt
The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety. 2017; 43(12): 633
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155 Change and dispersion of QT interval during treatment with quetiapine extended release versus aripiprazole in children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis: results from the TEA trial
Karsten Gjessing Jensen,Stefan Gärtner,Christoph U. Correll,Ditte Rudå,Dea Gowers Klauber,Marie Stentebjerg-Olesen,Birgitte Fagerlund,Jens Richardt Jepsen,Anders Fink-Jensen,Klaus Juul,Anne Katrine Pagsberg
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156 Intention-to-treat and transparency of related practices in randomized, controlled trials of anti-infectives
Robert D. Beckett,Kathryn C. Loeser,Kathryn R. Bowman,Trent G. Towne
BMC Medical Research Methodology. 2016; 16(1)
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157 The Primary Outcome Fails — What Next?
Jeffrey M. Drazen,David P. Harrington,John J.V. McMurray,James H. Ware,Janet Woodcock,Stuart J. Pocock,Gregg W. Stone
New England Journal of Medicine. 2016; 375(9): 861
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158 TREATMENT SWITCHING: STATISTICAL AND DECISION-MAKING CHALLENGES AND APPROACHES
Nicholas R. Latimer,Chris Henshall,Uwe Siebert,Helen Bell
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2016; 32(03): 160
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159 Belotecan/cisplatin versus etoposide/cisplatin in previously untreated patients with extensive-stage small cell lung carcinoma: a multi-center randomized phase III trial
In-Jae Oh,Kyu-Sik Kim,Cheol-Kyu Park,Young-Chul Kim,Kwan-Ho Lee,Jin-Hong Jeong,Sun-Young Kim,Jeong-Eun Lee,Kye-Chul Shin,Tae-Won Jang,Hyun-Kyung Lee,Kye-Young Lee,Sung-Yong Lee
BMC Cancer. 2016; 16(1)
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160 INDIVIDUO: Results from a patient-centered lifestyle intervention for obesity surgery candidates
José Camolas,Osvaldo Santos,Pedro Moreira,Isabel do Carmo
Obesity Research & Clinical Practice. 2016;
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161 Effect of choir activity in the rehabilitation of aphasia: a blind, randomised, controlled pilot study
Anna Zumbansen,Isabelle Peretz,Carole Anglade,Josée Bilodeau,Suzanne Généreux,Michelyne Hubert,Sylvie Hébert
Aphasiology. 2016; : 1
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162 Resistance training improves inflammatory level, lipid and glycemic profiles in obese older women: A randomized controlled trial
Crisieli M. Tomeleri,Alex S. Ribeiro,Mariana F. Souza,Durcelina Schiavoni,Brad J. Schoenfeld,Danielle Venturini,Décio S. Barbosa,Kamila Landucci,Luís B. Sardinha,Edilson S. Cyrino
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163 Cross-centre replication of suppressed burrowing behaviour as an ethologically relevant pain outcome measure in the rat
Rachel Wodarski,Ada Delaney,Camilla Ultenius,Rosie Morland,Nick Andrews,Catherine Baastrup,Luke A. Bryden,Ombretta Caspani,Thomas Christoph,Natalie J. Gardiner,Wenlong Huang,Jeffrey D. Kennedy,Suguru Koyama,Dominic Li,Marcin Ligocki,Annika Lindsten,Ian Machin,Anton Pekcec,Angela Robens,Sanziana M. Rotariu,Sabrina Vo,Marta Segerdahl,Carina Stenfors,Camilla I. Svensson,Rolf-Detlef Treede,Katsuhiro Uto,Kazumi Yamamoto,Kris Rutten,Andrew S.C. Rice
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164 Effect of a Digital Social Media Campaign on Young Adult Smoking Cessation
Neill Bruce Baskerville,Sunday Azagba,Cameron Norman,Kyle McKeown,K. Stephen Brown
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165 Two-Year COMPASS Trial Results: Supraciliary Microstenting with Phacoemulsification in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma and Cataracts
Steven Vold,Iqbal Ike K. Ahmed,E. Randy Craven,Cynthia Mattox,Robert Stamper,Mark Packer,Reay H. Brown,Tsontcho Ianchulev
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166 Art therapy for people with psychosis: a narrative review of the literature
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The Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;
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167 Can predilatation in transcatheter aortic valve implantation be omitted? - a prospective randomized study
Henrik Casimir Ahn,Niels-Erik Nielsen,Jacek Baranowski
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168 Home-Based Psychiatric Outpatient Care Through Videoconferencing for Depression: A Randomized Controlled Follow-Up Trial
Ines Hungerbuehler,Leandro Valiengo,Alexandre A Loch,Wulf Rössler,Wagner F Gattaz
JMIR Mental Health. 2016; 3(3): e36
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169 Review of head-to-head study designs in rheumatoid arthritis
R Fleischmann,R Landewé,J Smolen
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2016;
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170 Brain and behavior changes associated with an abbreviated 4-week mindfulness-based stress reduction course in back pain patients
B. Blair Braden,Teri B. Pipe,Ryan Smith,Tyler K. Glaspy,Brandon R. Deatherage,Leslie C. Baxter
Brain and Behavior. 2016; : n/a
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171 Randomized evaluation and cost-effectiveness of HIV and sexual and reproductive health service referral and linkage models in Zambia
Paul C. Hewett,Mutinta Nalubamba,Fiammetta Bozzani,Jean Digitale,Lung Vu,Eileen Yam,Mary Nambao
BMC Public Health. 2016; 16(1)
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172 Efficacy of Internet-Based Self-Monitoring Interventions on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Perinatal Diabetic Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ying Lau,Tha Pyai Htun,Suei Nee Wong,Wai San Wilson Tam,Piyanee Klainin-Yobas
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173 Continuity of care by a primary midwife (caseload midwifery) increases women’s satisfaction with antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care: results from the COSMOS randomised controlled trial
Della A. Forster,Helen L. McLachlan,Mary-Ann Davey,Mary Anne Biro,Tanya Farrell,Lisa Gold,Maggie Flood,Touran Shafiei,Ulla Waldenström
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2016; 16(1)
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174 „Intention to treat“ oder „treatment as received“ – Umgang mit Abbrechern in der Forschung zur Straftäterbehandlung
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Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie. 2016; 10(1): 45
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175 A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Traditional and Mobile Public Health Communications With Health Care Providers
Janet Baseman,Debra Revere,Ian Painter,Mark Oberle,Jeffrey Duchin,Hanne Thiede,Randall Nett,Dorothy MacEachern,Andy Stergachis
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. 2016; 10(01): 98
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176 PTSD REMISSION AFTER PROLONGED EXPOSURE TREATMENT IS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX THINNING AND VOLUME REDUCTION
Liat Helpman,Santiago Papini,Binod T. Chhetry,Erel Shvil,Mikael Rubin,Gregory M. Sullivan,John C. Markowitz,J. John Mann,Yuval Neria
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177 The effect of primary midwife-led care on womenæs experience of childbirth: results from the COSMOS randomised controlled trial
HL McLachlan,DA Forster,M-A Davey,T Farrell,M Flood,T Shafiei,U Waldenström
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2016; 123(3): 465
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178 Long-term efficacy and safety of etravirine-containing regimens in a real-life cohort of treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients
Clotilde Allavena,Christine Katlama,Laurent Cotte,Pierre Marie Roger,Pierre Delobel,Antoine Cheret,Claudine Duvivier,Isabelle Poizot-Martin,Bruno Hoen,André Cabie,Arnaud Cheret,Rima Lahoulou,François Raffi,Pascal Pugliese
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179 Effect of Sirolimus on Disease Progression in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and CKD Stages 3b-4
P. Ruggenenti,G. Gentile,N. Perico,A. Perna,L. Barcella,M. Trillini,M. Cortinovis,C. P. Ferrer Siles,J. A. Reyes Loaeza,M. C. Aparicio,G. Fasolini,F. Gaspari,D. Martinetti,F. Carrara,N. Rubis,S. Prandini,A. Caroli,K. Sharma,L. Antiga,A. Remuzzi,G. Remuzzi
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2016;
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180 Implementing Family-Centered Prevention in Rural African American Communities: a Randomized Effectiveness Trial of the Strong African American Families Program
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181 Adherence adjustment in the Coronary Drug Project: A call for better per-protocol effect estimates in randomized trials
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182 Stepped Care Versus Direct Face-to-Face Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder: A Randomized Effectiveness Trial
Tine Nordgreen,Thomas Haug,Lars-Göran Öst,Gerhard Andersson,Per Carlbring,Gerd Kvale,Tone Tangen,Einar Heiervang,Odd E. Havik
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183 A cluster randomized controlled trial of the Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies (PATHS) curriculum
Neil Humphrey,Alexandra Barlow,Michael Wigelsworth,Ann Lendrum,Kirsty Pert,Craig Joyce,Emma Stephens,Lawrence Wo,Garry Squires,Kevin Woods,Rachel Calam,Alex Turner
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184 Service evaluation of an educational intervention to improve sexual health services in primary care implemented using a step-wedge design: analysis of chlamydia testing and diagnosis rate changes
Katy Town,Cliodna A. M. McNulty,Ellie J. Ricketts,Thomas Hartney,Anthony Nardone,Kate A. Folkard,Andre Charlett,J. Kevin Dunbar
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185 Early goal-directed therapy in severe sepsis and septic shock: insights and comparisons to ProCESS, ProMISe, and ARISE
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186 Protocol of a randomized controlled trial of the fear of recurrence therapy (FORT) intervention for women with breast or gynecological cancer
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187 Effect of Domain Knowledge on Elicitation Effectiveness: An Internally Replicated Controlled Experiment
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IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. 2016; 42(5): 427
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188 Forming a Stress Management and Health Promotion Program for Women Undergoing Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Panagiotis Pelekasis,Georgia Zisi,Anna Koumarianou,Androniki Marioli,George Chrousos,Konstantinos Syrigos,Christina Darviri
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189 Progressive compression versus graduated compression for the management of venous insufficiency
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190 Sequential versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication
Olga P Nyssen,Adrian G McNicholl,Francis Megraud,Vincenzo Savarino,Giuseppina Oderda,Carlo A Fallone,Lori Fischbach,Franco Bazzoli,Javier P Gisbert
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191 Internet addiction and problematic Internet use: A systematic review of clinical research
Daria J Kuss,Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
World Journal of Psychiatry. 2016; 6(1): 143
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192 A Systematic Review Protocol to Assess the Effects of Physical Activity on Health and Quality of Life Outcomes in Adolescent Cancer Survivors
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JMIR Research Protocols. 2016; 5(1): e54
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193 Impact of adding a second layer to a single unlocked closure of a Cesarean uterine incision: randomized controlled trial
G. Bennich,M. Rudnicki,C. Wilken-Jensen,T. Lousen,P. D. Lassen,K. Wøjdemann
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194 Outcomes of Parathyroidectomy in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Naykky M. Singh Ospina,Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez,Spyridoula Maraka,Ana E. Espinosa de Ycaza,Sina Jasim,Ana Castaneda-Guarderas,Michael R. Gionfriddo,Alaa Al Nofal,Juan P. Brito,Patricia Erwin,Melanie Richards,Robert Wermers,Victor M. Montori
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195 Medicaid Pay for Performance Programs and Childhood Immunization Status
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196 Do Web-based Mental Health Literacy Interventions Improve the Mental Health Literacy of Adult Consumers? Results From a Systematic Review
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197 Exercise as a treatment for depression: A meta-analysis
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198 Injectable pharmacotherapy for opioid use disorders (IPOD)
David Farabee,Maureen Hillhouse,Timothy Condon,Barbara McCrady,Kathryn McCollister,Walter Ling
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199 Evidence-based veterinary dermatology: a review of published studies of treatments forOtodectes cynotis(ear mite) infestation in cats
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200 The Influence of Attrition in Evaluating the Efficacy and Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions
Seungwon Nam,Tony Toneatto
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201 Effect of long-term vitamin E and selenium supplementation on urine F2-Isoprostanes, a biomarker of oxidative stress
Kristin A Guertin,Rachael K Grant,Kathryn B Arnold,Lindsay Burwell,JoAnn Hartline,Phyllis J Goodman,Lori M Minasian,Scott M Lippman,Eric Klein,Patricia A Cassano
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202 Cost-Utility and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Face-to-Face Versus Telephone-Based Nonpharmacologic Multidisciplinary Treatments for Patients With Generalized Osteoarthritis
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203 Invited review: Fermented milk as antihypertensive functional food
L.M. Beltrán-Barrientos,A. Hernández-Mendoza,M.J. Torres-Llanez,A.F. González-Córdova,B. Vallejo-Córdoba
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204 Randomized Trials of the Teen Outreach Program in Louisiana and Rochester, New York
William T. Robinson,Susan M. Seibold-Simpson,Hugh F. Crean,Briana Spruille-White
American Journal of Public Health. 2016; 106(S1): S39
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205 Statistical Primer on Biosimilar Clinical Development
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206 An Evaluation of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy With and Without Motivational Enhancement to Reduce Attrition
Haley J. Webb,Rae Thomas,Leanne McGregor,Elbina Avdagic,Melanie J. Zimmer-Gembeck
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. 2016; : 1
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207 Development and Two-Year Follow-Up Evaluation of a Training Workshop for the Large Preventive Positive Psychology Happy Family Kitchen Project in Hong Kong
Agnes Y. Lai,Moses W. Mui,Alice Wan,Sunita M. Stewart,Carol Yew,Tai-hing Lam,Sophia S. Chan,Emmanuel Manalo
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208 Methodological issues in clinical trials of polycystic kidney disease: a focused review
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209 Exercise as an intervention for first-episode psychosis: a feasibility study
Joseph Firth,Rebekah Carney,Rebecca Elliott,Paul French,Sophie Parker,Rebecca McIntyre,Jamie S. McPhee,Alison R. Yung
Early Intervention in Psychiatry. 2016; : n/a
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210 Cost-effectiveness analysis of the single-implant mandibular overdenture versus conventional complete denture: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Túlio Eduardo Nogueira,Shahrokh Esfandiari,Cláudio Rodrigues Leles
Trials. 2016; 17(1)
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211 The Efficacy and Safety of Tetrachlorodecaoxide in Comparison with Super-oxidised Solution in Wound Healing
Romil Parikh,Girish Bakhshi,Madhushree Naik,Bhargav Gaikwad,Kavita Jadhav,Mukund Tayade
Archives of Plastic Surgery. 2016; 43(5): 395
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212 Cognitive remediation to enhance mobility in older adults: the CREM study
Joe Verghese,Emmeline Ayers,Jeannette R Mahoney,Anne Ambrose,Cuiling Wang,Roee Holtzer
Neurodegenerative Disease Management. 2016; 6(6): 457
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213 Exergaming for Health: A Randomized Study of Community-Based Exergaming Curriculum in Pediatric Weight Management
Amy L. Christison,Tyler A. Evans,Brandon B. Bleess,Huaping Wang,Jean C. Aldag,Helen J. Binns
Games for Health Journal. 2016; 5(6): 413
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214 Prostate cancer: Determining optimal therapy of early-stage disease remains complicated
David Canes
Nature Reviews Urology. 2016; 13(12): 703
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215 Can the provision of a home help service for the elderly population reduce the incidence of fall-related injuries? A quasi-experimental study of the community-level effects on hospital admissions in Swedish municipalities
Carl Bonander,Johanna Gustavsson,Finn Nilson
Injury Prevention. 2016; 22(6): 412
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216 Randomized Control Trial of Teaching Recovery Techniques in Rural Occupied Palestine: Effect on Adolescent Dissociation
Ian Barron,Ghassan Abdallah,Unni Heltne
Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma. 2016; 25(9): 955
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217 Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a standardised intracameral combination of mydriatics and anaesthetics for cataract surgery
Marc Labetoulle,Oliver Findl,François Malecaze,Jorge Alió,Béatrice Cochener,Conceição Lobo,Sihem Lazreg,Dahbia Hartani,Joseph Colin,Marie-José Tassignon,Anders Behndig
British Journal of Ophthalmology. 2016; 100(7): 976
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218 The longitudinal mental health benefits of a yoga intervention in women experiencing chronic stress: A clinical trial
Kaitlin N. Harkess,Paul Delfabbro,Sarah Cohen-Woods,Cornelia Duregger
Cogent Psychology. 2016; 3(1)
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219 Study protocol for a non-inferiority trial of a blended smoking cessation treatment versus face-to-face treatment (LiveSmokefree-Study)
Lutz Siemer,Marcel E. Pieterse,Marjolein G. J. Brusse-Keizer,Marloes G. Postel,Somaya Ben Allouch,Robbert Sanderman
BMC Public Health. 2016; 16(1)
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220 Self-training to improve UE function at the chronic stage post-stroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Debbie Rand,Harold Weingarden,Ronit Weiss,Anat Yacoby,Shlomit Reif,Rachel Malka,David Andrew Shiller,Gabi Zeilig
Disability and Rehabilitation. 2016; : 1
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221 Data Blind Review and Analysis Set in Clinical Trial
Chiyeon Lim,Minjung Kwak
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics. 2016; 41(4): 443
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222 Using Alcohol Unit-marked Glasses Enhances Capacity To Monitor Intake: Evidence From a Mixed-method Intervention Trial
Richard de Visser,Clare Brown,Richard Cooke,Greg Cooper,Anjum Memon
Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2016;
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223 Increasing patient involvement in the diabetic foot pathway: a pilot randomized controlled trial
E. McBride,B. Hacking,R. OæCarroll,M. Young,J. Jahr,C. Borthwick,A. Callander,Z. Berrada
Diabetic Medicine. 2016; 33(11): 1483
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224 Post-instrumentation pain after the use of either Mtwo or the SAF system: a randomized controlled clinical trial
P. Saumya-Rajesh,J. Krithikadatta,N. Velmurugan,C. Sooriaprakas
International Endodontic Journal. 2016;
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225 The effect of supervised and home based exercises on balance in elderly subjects: a randomized controlled trial to prevent falls
Erika Harumi Tanaka,Paulo Ferreira dos Santos,Marcela Fernandes Silva,Priscila Fernanda Figueiredo Borges Botelho,Patrícia Silva,Natalia Camargo Rodrigues,Matheus Machado Gomes,Renato Moraes,Daniela Cristina Carvalho de Abreu
Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia. 2016; 19(3): 383
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226 Systematic Review of Yoga Interventions to Promote Cardiovascular Health in Older Adults
Jennifer L. Barrows,Julie Fleury
Western Journal of Nursing Research. 2016; 38(6): 753
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227 Study protocol: a cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of a multi-pronged behavioural intervention to improve use of personal protective equipment among migrant workers exposed to organic solvents in small and medium-sized enterprises
Wen Chen,Tongyang Li,Guanyang Zou,Xudong Li,Leiyu Shi,Shanshan Feng,Jingrong Shi,Fangjing Zhou,Siqi Han,Li Ling
BMC Public Health. 2016; 16(1)
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228 An Overview of Challenges and Approaches to Minimize Bias in Randomized Controlled Trials in Perioperative Medicine
Emmanuelle Duceppe,Emilie Belley-Coté
Current Anesthesiology Reports. 2016;
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229 Comparative effectiveness and safety of antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia treatment: a real-world observational study
A. Vanasse,L. Blais,J. Courteau,A. A. Cohen,P. Roberge,A. Larouche,S. Grignon,M.-J. Fleury,A. Lesage,M.-F. Demers,M.-A. Roy,J.-D. Carrier,A. Delorme
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2016;
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230 Effects of Internet-Based Self-Efficacy Intervention on Secondary Traumatic Stress and Secondary Posttraumatic Growth among Health and Human Services Professionals Exposed to Indirect Trauma
Roman Cieslak,Charles C. Benight,Anna Rogala,Ewelina Smoktunowicz,Martyna Kowalska,Katarzyna Zukowska,Carolyn Yeager,Aleksandra Luszczynska
Frontiers in Psychology. 2016; 7
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231 Family-centred music therapy with preterm infants and their parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Colombia – A mixed-methods study
Mark Ettenberger,Catherine Rojas Cárdenas,Mike Parker,Helen Odell-Miller
Nordic Journal of Music Therapy. 2016; : 1
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232 Evaluating the effectiveness of combining home-start and triple P parenting support in the Netherlands
E.S. Smallegange,J.M.A. Hermanns,F.J. Oort
Children and Youth Services Review. 2016;
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233 The impact of trial stage, developer involvement and international transferability on universal social and emotional learning programme outcomes: a meta-analysis
M. Wigelsworth,A. Lendrum,J. Oldfield,A. Scott,I. ten Bokkel,K. Tate,C. Emery
Cambridge Journal of Education. 2016; 46(3): 347
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234 Preliminary study of a rehabilitation program based on attentional processes to treat auditory hallucinations
Beatriz López-Luengo,José A. Muela-Martínez
Cognitive Neuropsychiatry. 2016; : 1
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235 Study protocol RapMusicTherapy for emotion regulation in a school setting
Sylka Uhlig,Erik Jansen,Erik Scherder
Psychology of Music. 2016; 44(5): 1068
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236 Intravenous estrogen is not proven effective for abnormal uterine bleeding: guidelines are based on flawed evidence
Stephen Simmer
Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates. 2015; 1(1): 1
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237 Taking the next step: a systematic review and meta-analysis of physical activity and behavior change interventions in recent post-treatment breast cancer survivors
Shirley M. Bluethmann,Sally W. Vernon,Kelley Pettee Gabriel,Caitlin C. Murphy,L. Kay Bartholomew
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2015;
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238 Evaluation of the implementation and impact of an integrated prevention model on the academic progress of students with disabilities
Alexandra Barlow,Neil Humphrey,Ann Lendrum,Michael Wigelsworth,Garry Squires
Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2015; 36: 505
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239 Time at Risk and Intention-to-treat Analyses
Sunni L. Mumford,Enrique F. Schisterman,Stephen R. Cole,Daniel Westreich,Robert W. Platt
Epidemiology. 2015; 26(1): 112
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240 Development and Assessment of an E-Learning Course on Breast Imaging for Radiographers: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial
Inês C Moreira,Sandra Rua Ventura,Isabel Ramos,Pedro Pereira Rodrigues
Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2015; 17(1): e3
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241 Preliminary evaluation of a self-directed video-based 1-2-3 Magic parenting program: A randomized controlled trial
Renata Porzig-Drummond,Richard J. Stevenson,Caroline Stevenson
Behaviour Research and Therapy. 2015;
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242 Whole-grain wheat consumption reduces inflammation in a randomized controlled trial on overweight and obese subjects with unhealthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors: role of polyphenols bound to cereal dietary fiber
Paola Vitaglione,Ilario Mennella,Rosalia Ferracane,Angela A Rivellese,Rosalba Giacco,Danilo Ercolini,Sean M Gibbons,Antonietta La Storia,Jack A Gilbert,Satya Jonnalagadda,Frank Thielecke,Maria A Gallo,Luca Scalfi,Vincenzo Fogliano
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2015; 101(2): 251
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243 Early Pathways Therapy for Young Children in Poverty
Sara E. Harris,Robert A. Fox,Joanna R. Love
Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation. 2015; 6(1): 3
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244 Web-based interventions for comorbid depression and chronic illness: a systematic review
Ekaterina Charova,Diana Dorstyn,Phillip Tully,Oskar Mittag
Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2015; 21(4): 189
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245 A web-based personally controlled health management system increases sexually transmitted infection screening rates in young people: a randomized controlled trial
Nathan J Mortimer,Joel Rhee,Rebecca Guy,Andrew Hayen,Annie Y S Lau
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2015; 22(4): 805
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246 Intervention Mapping to Adapt Evidence-Based Interventions for Use in Practice: Increasing Mammography among African American Women
Linda Highfield,Marieke A. Hartman,Patricia Dolan Mullen,Serena A. Rodriguez,Maria E. Fernandez,L. Kay Bartholomew
BioMed Research International. 2015; 2015: 1
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247 Whoæs Missing? Predictors of Attrition Following Participation in Culturally Targeted Educational Breast and Cervical Cancer Outreach Programs for Latinas
Jamilia Sly,Lina Jandorf,Deborah O. Erwin
Journal of Health Communication. 2015; 20(7): 851
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248 Caring for the carer: a systematic review of pure technology-based cognitive behavioral therapy (TB-CBT) interventions for dementia carers
Jennifer L. Scott,Sarah Dawkins,Michael G. Quinn,Kristy Sanderson,Kate-Ellen J. Elliott,Christine Stirling,Ben Schüz,Andrew Robinson
Aging & Mental Health. 2015; : 1
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249 A Preliminary Evaluation of the 1-2-3-Magic Parenting Program in an Australian Community Services Setting
Renata Porzig-Drummond,Richard J. Stevenson,Caroline Stevenson
Australian Social Work. 2015; : 1
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250 A randomized controlled trial of a multi-dose bystander intervention program using peer education theater
Sarah McMahon,Samantha C. Winter,Jane E. Palmer,Judy L. Postmus,N. Andrew Peterson,Sharon Zucker,RuthAnne Koenick
Health Education Research. 2015; 30(4): 554
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251 Supporting Practices to Adopt Registry-Based Care (SPARC): protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Rebecca S Etz,Rosalind E Keith,Anna M Maternick,Karen L Stein,Roy T Sabo,Melissa S Hayes,Purvi Sevak,John Holland,Jesse C Crosson
Implementation Science. 2015; 10(1)
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252 Home-based virtual reality balance training and conventional balance training in Parkinsonæs disease: A randomized controlled trial
Wen-Chieh Yang,Hsing-Kuo Wang,Ruey-Meei Wu,Chien-Shun Lo,Kwan-Hwa Lin
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. 2015;
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253 Effect of an integrated community-based package for maternal and newborn care on feeding patterns during the first 12 weeks of life: a cluster-randomized trial in a South African township
Petrida Ijumba,Tanya Doherty,Debra Jackson,Mark Tomlinson,David Sanders,Sonja Swanevelder,Lars-Åke Persson
Public Health Nutrition. 2015; 18(14): 2660
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254 Effectiveness of Conventional Versus Virtual Reality–Based Balance Exercises in Vestibular Rehabilitation for Unilateral Peripheral Vestibular Loss: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Dara Meldrum,Susan Herdman,Roisin Vance,Deirdre Murray,Kareena Malone,Douglas Duffy,Aine Glennon,Rory McConn-Walsh
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2015; 96(7): 1319
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255 FAmily CEntered (FACE) advance care planning: Study design and methods for a patient-centered communication and decision-making intervention for patients with HIV/AIDS and their surrogate decision-makers
Allison L. Kimmel,Jichuan Wang,Rachel K. Scott,Linda Briggs,Maureen E. Lyon
Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2015; 43: 172
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256 The Effectiveness of the Within Our Reach Relationship Education Program for Couples: Findings from a Federal Randomized Trial
Galena K. Rhoades
Family Process. 2015; 54(4): 672
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257 Effect of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, BB-12®, on defecation frequency in healthy subjects with low defecation frequency and abdominal discomfort: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial
Dorte Eskesen,Lillian Jespersen,Birgit Michelsen,Peter J. Whorwell,Stefan Müller-Lissner,Cathrine M. Morberg
British Journal of Nutrition. 2015; 114(10): 1638
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258 General or Spinal Anaesthetic for Vaginal Surgery in Pelvic Floor Disorders (GOSSIP): a feasibility randomised controlled trial
B. Purwar,K. M. Ismail,N. Turner,A. Farrell,M. Verzune,M. Annappa,I. Smith,Zeiad El-Gizawy,J. C. Cooper
International Urogynecology Journal. 2015; 26(8): 1171
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259 Effect of exercises with weight vests and a patient education programme for women with osteopenia and a healed wrist fracture: a randomized, controlled trial of the OsteoACTIVE programme
K. A. Hakestad,M. K. Torstveit,L. Nordsletten,M. A. Risberg
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2015; 16(1)
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260 Evaluation of a hybrid treatment for Veterans with comorbid traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Amy J. Jak,Robin Aupperle,Carie S. Rodgers,Ariel J. Lang,Dawn M. Schiehser,Sonya B. Norman,Elizabeth W. Twamley
Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2015; 45: 210
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261 Randomized Controlled Trial of an Internet Application to Reduce HIV Transmission Behavior Among HIV Infected Men Who have Sex with Men
Joel Milam,Sheldon Morris,Sonia Jain,Xiaoying Sun,Michael P. Dubé,Eric S. Daar,Gustavo Jimenez,Richard Haubrich
AIDS and Behavior. 2015;
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262 Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Implementation of an Adapted Evidence-Based Mammography Intervention for African American Women
Linda Highfield,Marieke A. Hartman,L. Kay Bartholomew,Philomene Balihe,Valerie A. Ausborn
BioMed Research International. 2015; 2015: 1
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263 Does neurocognitive training have the potential to improve dietary self-care in type 2 diabetes? Study protocol of a double-blind randomised controlled trial
Victoria Whitelock,Arie Nouwen,Katrijn Houben,Olga van den Akker,Iraida Neira Miller,Parth Narendan,Miranda Rosenthal,Suzanne Higgs
BMC Nutrition. 2015; 1(1)
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264 Re: Pareek A, Chandurkar N, Thomas N,et al.Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind, randomized comparison with pioglitazone. Curr Med Res Opin 2014;30:1257-66
Anil Pareek
Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2015; 31(6): 1087
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265 A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Financial Literacy Curriculum for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence
Andrea Hetling,Judy L. Postmus,Cecilia Kaltz
Journal of Family and Economic Issues. 2015;
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266 Passive standing as an adjunct rehabilitation intervention after stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Francesco Ferrarello,Gabriella Deluca,Assunta Pizzi,Carlo Baldini,Francesca Iori,Niccolò Marchionni,Mauro Di Bari
Archives of Physiotherapy. 2015; 5(1)
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267 Prolonged Exposure for Treating PTSD Among Female Methadone Patients Who Were Survivors of Sexual Abuse in Israel
Miriam Schiff,Nitsa Nacasch,Shabtay Levit,Noam Katz,Edna B. Foa
Social Work in Health Care. 2015; 54(8): 687
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268 Effects of a brief mindfulness-based intervention program for stress management among medical students: the Mindful-Gym randomized controlled study
Cheng Kar Phang,Firdaus Mukhtar,Normala Ibrahim,Shian-Ling Keng,Sherina Mohd. Sidik
Advances in Health Sciences Education. 2015; 20(5): 1115
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269 A practice-based randomized controlled trial to improve medication adherence among Latinos with hypertension: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Antoinette Schoenthaler,Franzenith De La Calle,Miguel Barrios-Barrios,Aury Garcia,Maria Pitaro,Audrey Lum,Milagros Rosal
Trials. 2015; 16(1)
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270 Multisystemic Therapy Improves the Patient-Provider Relationship in Families of Adolescents with Poorly Controlled Insulin Dependent Diabetes
April Idalski Carcone,Deborah A. Ellis,Xinguang Chen,Sylvie Naar,Phillippe B. Cunningham,Kathleen Moltz
Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings. 2015; 22(2-3): 169
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271 Assessing the treatment effect in a randomized controlled trial with extensive non-adherence: the EVOLVE trial
Yumi Kubo,Lulu Ren Sterling,Patrick S Parfrey,Karminder Gill,Kenneth W Mahaffey,Ioanna Gioni,Marie-Louise Trotman,Bastian Dehmel,Glenn M Chertow
Pharmaceutical Statistics. 2015; 14(3): 242
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272 Randomized trial of the effectiveness of a non-pharmacological multidisciplinary face-to-face treatment program on daily function compared to a telephone-based treatment program in patients with generalized osteoarthritis
N. Cuperus,T.J. Hoogeboom,C.C. Kersten,A.A. den Broeder,T.P.M. Vliet Vlieland,C.H.M. van den Ende
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 2015; 23(8): 1267
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273 Telepsychology for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A systematic review
AJ Bolton,DS Dorstyn
Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2015; 21(5): 254
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274 Considerations for Comprehensive Analyses of Sporozoite-Based Controlled Human Malaria Infection Studies
Andrew A. Lover
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2015; 93(6): 1130
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275 Radiofrequency catheter ablation maintains its efficacy better than antiarrhythmic medication in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: On-treatment analysis of the randomized controlled MANTRA-PAF trial
M.J. Pekka Raatikainen,Antti Hakalahti,Paavo Uusimaa,Jens Cosedis Nielsen,Arne Johannessen,Gerhard Hindricks,Håkan Walfridsson,Steen Pehrson,Anders Englund,Juha Hartikainen,Ole Kongstad,Leif Spange Mortensen,Peter Steen Hansen
International Journal of Cardiology. 2015; 198: 108
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276 Interest in Employment Among People with Schizophrenia
Cassandra Westcott,Geoffrey Waghorn,Duncan McLean,Dixie Statham,Bryan Mowry
American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. 2015; 18(2): 187
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277 Use of mouth rinse during pregnancy to improve birth and neonatal outcomes: a randomized controlled trial
Hong Jiang,Xu Xiong,Pierre Buekens,Yi Su,Xu Qian
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2015; 15(1)
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278 Effect of Developmental Binocular Vision Abnormalities on Visual Vertigo Symptoms and Treatment Outcome
Marousa Pavlou,James Acheson,Despina Nicolaou,Clare L. Fraser,Adolfo M. Bronstein,Rosalyn A. Davies
Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2015; 39(4): 215
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279 The Integration of Family and Group Therapy as an Alternative to Juvenile Incarceration: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation Using Parenting with Love and Limits
Eli A. Karam,Emma M. Sterrett,Lynn Kiaer
Family Process. 2015; : n/a
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280 Effective Implementation Strategies of Differential Response in Child Welfare: A Comparative Case Analysis
Annette Semanchin Jones
Journal of Public Child Welfare. 2015; 9(5): 528
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281 Look for good and never give up: A novel attention training treatment for childhood anxiety disorders
Allison M. Waters,Melanie J. Zimmer-Gembeck,Michelle G. Craske,Daniel S. Pine,Brendan P. Bradley,Karin Mogg
Behaviour Research and Therapy. 2015; 73: 111
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282 Effect of Deep Intramuscular Stimulation and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Neurophysiological Biomarkers in Chronic Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Liciane F. Medeiros,Wolnei Caumo,Jairo Dussán-Sarria,Alicia Deitos,Aline Brietzke,Gabriela Laste,Cristina Campos-Carraro,Andressa de Souza,Vanessa L. Scarabelot,Stefania G. Cioato,Rafael Vercelino,Alexandre L. de Castro,Alex Sander Araújo,Adriane Belló-Klein,Felipe Fregni,Iraci L.S. Torres
Pain Medicine. 2015; : n/a
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283 Who responds to financial incentives for weight loss? Evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Alfredo R. Paloyo,Arndt R. Reichert,Monika Reuss-Borst,Harald Tauchmann
Social Science & Medicine. 2015; 145: 44
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284 RE
Jan Nathleen C. Dizon,Consuelo Gonzalez-Suarez,Marcelle Theresa G. Zamora,Ephraim DV Gambito
American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2014; 93(8): 735
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285 Impact of checklists on peri-intubation care in Emergency Department trauma patients
Mark J. Conroy,Gregory Weingart,Jestin N. Carlson
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2014;
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286 The Digital Divide and Health Disparities: a Pilot Study Examining the Use of Short Message Service (SMS) for Colonoscopy Reminders
Jamilia R. Sly,Sarah J. Miller,Lina Jandorf
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 2014; 1(4): 231
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287 Iyengar Yoga for Adolescents and Young Adults With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Subhadra Evans,Kirsten C. Lung,Laura C. Seidman,Beth Sternlieb,Lonnie K. Zeltzer,Jennie C.I. Tsao
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2014; 59(2): 244
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288 Teaching Biomedical Statistics to Nurse-Practitioners in Sub-Saharan Africa—The Example of “Intention to Treat” Shows Our Challenges and Dilemmas
Gregor Pollach,Uwe Graf,David Place
International Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2014; 05(19): 1221
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289 A 7-day oral supplementation with branched-chain amino acids was ineffective to prevent muscle damage during a marathon
Francisco Areces,Juan Jose Salinero,Javier Abian-Vicen,Cristina González-Millán,Cesar Gallo-Salazar,Diana Ruiz-Vicente,Beatriz Lara,Juan Del Coso
Amino Acids. 2014;
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290 Evaluation of the making sense of brain tumor program: a randomized controlled trial of a home-based psychosocial intervention
Tamara Ownsworth,Suzanne Chambers,Ea Damborg,Leanne Casey,David G. Walker,David H. K. Shum
Psycho-Oncology. 2014; : n/a
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291 A multi-site randomised controlled trial of evidence-based supported employment for adults with severe and persistent mental illness
Geoffrey Waghorn,Shannon Dias,Beverley Gladman,Meredith Harris,Sukanta Saha
Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. 2014; : n/a
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292 Low- Versus High-Dose Rituximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Markus Bredemeier,Fernando K. de Oliveira,Cláudia M. Rocha
Arthritis Care & Research. 2014; 66(2): 228
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293 Zanamivir versus trivalent split virus influenza vaccine: a pilot randomized trial
Brenda L. Coleman,Shaza A. Fadel,Steven J. Drews,Todd F. Hatchette,Allison J. McGeer
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses. 2014; : n/a
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294 Efficacy of Omeprazole Powder Paste or Enteric-Coated Formulation in Healing of Gastric Ulcers in Horses
K. Birkmann,H.K. Junge,E. Maischberger,M.W. Eser,C.C. Schwarzwald
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2014; : n/a
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295 Effects of a 12-week endurance training program on the physiological response to psychosocial stress in men: a randomized controlled trial
Sandra Klaperski,Bernadette Dawans,Markus Heinrichs,Reinhard Fuchs
Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 2014;
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296 Early intervention in psychosis: a feasibility study financed by the Italian Center on Control of Maladies
Angelo Cocchi,Andrea Balbi,Giuseppe Corlito,Guido Ditta,Walter Di Munzio,Mario Nicotera,Anna Meneghelli,Alessia Pisano,Antonio Preti
Early Intervention in Psychiatry. 2014; : n/a
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297 Transobturator Sling Compared With Single-Incision Mini-Sling for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence
Lucyana M. Djehdian,Maita P. Araujo,Claudia C. Takano,Carlos A. Del-Roy,Marair G. F. Sartori,Manoel J. B. C. Girão,Rodrigo A. Castro
Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2014; 123(3): 553
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298 Central Retinal Enrichment Supplementation Trials (CREST): Design and Methodology of the CREST Randomized Controlled Trials
Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo,Stephen Beatty,Jim Stack,Jessica Dennison,Sarah O’Regan,Katherine A. Meagher,Tunde Peto,John Nolan
Ophthalmic Epidemiology. 2014; 21(2): 111
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299 Impact of an Exercise Intervention on Physical Activity During Pregnancy: The Behaviors Affecting Baby and You Study
Marquis Hawkins,Lisa Chasan-Taber,Bess Marcus,Edward Stanek,Barry Braun,Joe Ciccolo,Glenn Markenson
American Journal of Public Health. 2014; : e1
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300 Quality of Reporting Randomized Controlled Trials in Cancer Nursing Research
Jia-Wen Guo,Katherine A. Sward,Susan L. Beck,Nancy Staggers
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301 Effects of yoga on stress and inflammatory factors in patients with chronic low back pain: A non-randomized controlled study
Hye Kyung Cho,Woongjoon Moon,Jaehee Kim
European Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2014;
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302 Occupational Performance Coaching for stroke survivors: A pilot randomized controlled trial protocol
Dorothy E. Kessler,Mary Y. Egan,Claire-Jehanne Dubouloz,Fiona P. Graham,Sara E. McEwen
Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2014; 81(5): 279
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303 New Information Prompts Old Question: Is Sentinel Lymph Node Sampling Equivalent to Axillary Lymph Node Dissection?
Richard Cedric Zellars
Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2014; 32(32): 3583
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304 Reducing the risk of bias in health behaviour change trials: Improving trial design, reporting or bias assessment criteria? A review and case study
Marijn de Bruin,Jim McCambridge,Jan M. Prins
Psychology & Health. 2014; : 1
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305 Acupressure for agitation in nursing home residents with dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Rick Yiu Kwan,Mason Chin Leung,Claudia Kam Lai
Trials. 2014; 15(1): 410
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306 Intervention Effects on Adolescent Physical Activity in the Multicomponent SPACE Study: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
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PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(6): e99369
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307 Comment on: Bari-Active: a randomized controlled trial of a preoperative intervention to increase physical activity in bariatric surgery patients
Wendy C. King
Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2014;
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308 The effect of continuous passive motion and sling exercise training on clinical and functional outcomes following total knee arthroplasty: a randomized active-controlled clinical study
Anett Mau-Moeller,Martin Behrens,Susanne Finze,Sven Bruhn,Rainer Bader,Wolfram Mittelmeier
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2014; 12(1): 68
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309 Effectiveness of the Dader Method for pharmaceutical care in patients with bipolar I disorder: EMDADER-TAB: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Andrea Salazar-Ospina,Pedro Amariles,Dora M Benjumea,Francisco Gutierrez,Maria J Faus,Luis F Rodriguez
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310 How much did Chinaæs WTO accession increase economic growth in resource-rich countries?
Thomas Barnebeck Andersen,Mikkel Barslund,Casper Worm Hansen,Thomas Harr,Peter Sandholt Jensen
China Economic Review. 2014; 30: 16
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311 The 1-2-3 Magic Parenting Program and its Effect on Child Problem Behaviors and Dysfunctional Parenting: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Renata Porzig-Drummond,Richard J. Stevenson,Caroline Stevenson
Behaviour Research and Therapy. 2014;
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312 Title and Abstract Screening and Evaluation in Systematic Reviews (TASER): a pilot randomised controlled trial of title and abstract screening by medical students
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313 A randomized controlled trial of pre-conception treatment for periodontal disease to improve periodontal status during pregnancy and birth outcomes
Hong Jiang,Xu Xiong,Yi Su,Yiming Zhang,Hongqiao Wu,Zhijun Jiang,Xu Qian
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2013; 13(1): 228
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314 Anesthesia Induction Using Video Glasses as a Distraction Tool for the Management of Preoperative Anxiety in Children
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315 Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Randomized Controlled Trial of Transarterial Ethanol Ablation versus Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization
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316 Dysphonia in preterm children: Assessing incidence and response to treatment
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317 Effect of different statistical methods on union or time to union in a published study about clavicular fractures
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318 Comparison of error-based and errorless learning for people with severe traumatic brain injury: study protocol for a randomized control trial
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319 A meta-analytic review of exposure in group cognitive behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder
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320 Meta-analysis: pharmacological treatment of pathological gambling
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321 How to appraise a randomized controlled trial
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322 Real-world utilization patterns and outcomes of colesevelam hcl in the ge electronic medical record
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323 Taking Financial Relationships into Account When Assessing Research
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324 The effectiveness of therapeutic exercise for joint hypermobility syndrome: a systematic review
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325 Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Randomized Controlled Trial of Transarterial Ethanol Ablation versus Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization
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326 Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Invasive Bladder Cancer: 2013 Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
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327 Outcomes Monitoring and Implementing Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in 2 Middle Eastern Countries
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Topics in Clinical Nutrition. 2013; 28(3): 233
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328 Prospective, Randomized, Blinded, Comparative Study of Injectable Micronized Dehydrated Amniotic/Chorionic Membrane Allograft for Plantar Fasciitis—A Feasibility Study
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329 Misconduct versus Honest Error and Scientific Disagreement
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330 Cost-effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) for averting anaemia in Gabon: a comparison between intention to treat and according to protocol analyses
Elisa Sicuri,Prosper Biao,Guy Hutton,Fabrizio Tediosi,Clara Menendez,Bertrand Lell,Peter Kremsner,Lesong Conteh,Martin P Grobusch
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